AN ANALYSIS OF BORROWING WORDS FOUND IN THE NOVEL OF BUKAN LAGI MANUSIA (NO LONGER HUMAN) BY OSAMU DAZAI

ABSTRACT

AN ANALYSIS OF BORROWING WORDS FOUND IN THE NOVEL OF
BUKAN LAGI MANUSIA (NO LONGER HUMAN) BY OSAMU DAZAI

Putri Laksmi Mira Ananta Socha
English Education Department
Faculty of Dahrma Acarya

I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar State Hindu University

e-mail: sochaputri060@gmail.com

Borrowing words have become one way of enriching vocabulary which is why
borrowing words become advantageous for another language to enrich their
vocabulary. The researcher examines borrowing words in a novel, the novel is
Bukan Lagi Manusia (No Longer Human) by Osamu Dazai. The objectives of this
research are to find the types, the frequency, and the reasons of borrowing words.
To conduct the analysis, the researcher read and observed the content of the novel,
mark the words that might be English borrowing words, and write the words
found in a table or analysis worksheet. The researcher collected the data from
10.000 words of the novel. The researcher found 327 borrowing words and there
were 84 Pure Borrowing and 243 Naturalized Borrowing. 27 borrowing words
were from English: 22 words (85%) were Naturalized Borrowing and 5 words
(19%) were Pure Borrowing. There were also borrowing words from other
languages consists of Arabic (88), Sanskrit (82), Latin (48), Dutch (34), French
(21), Javanese (6), Hokkien (4), Greek (4), Japanese (4), Old Javanese (3),
Melayu Jakarta (1), Malay (1), Portuguese (1), Italian (1), Tamil (1), and Chinese
(1). The researcher found three out of four reasons of borrowing words by Hockett
(1958), Campbell (1999), and Fromkin et al. (2013), namely ENV (enriching
vocabulary): 26 words (96%), NE (need): 26 words (96%), and NOE (no
equivalent): 1 word (4%). However, the researcher could not find borrowing
words using reason INN (innovation) in the novel.
Keywords: Borrowing Words, Pure Borrowing and Naturalized Borrowing, novel